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Figure 1. Op amps are often used as unity gain signal buffers, which are not as simple to use as it may appear. The unity-gain op amp...

October 31, 2014 In this podcast Steve Sandler of Picotest talks to Alix Paultre of Power Systems Design on the issues of power test,...

By John Rice, System Engineer, Texas Instruments and Steve Sandler, Managing Director, Picotest Introduction In theory, measuring the...

Many engineers are familiar with the Bode plot as an effective stability assessment method. However, some authors suggest and even teach...

In this 5-minute video, Steve Sandler of AEi Systems (www.aeng.com) and Picotest (www.picotest.com) takes you on a tour of an advanced...

In 1938 Hendrik Wade Bode, who worked at Bell Labs, published his asymptotic assessment of phase margin and gain margin, bearing his name...

He presents examples of various waveform anomalies and discusses techniques and tips for observing them as well as pitfalls to avoid....

Some low-dropout regulators (LDOs) use multiple feedback loops to improve output voltage transient response. In many of these cases, some...

And by taking measurements across all three test domains, designers can trace power supply ripple-related problems back to root causes...

Although not quite as accurate as the two-port VNA impedance measurement, the current injection technique has advantages including wide...

The vast majority of design issues are directly or indirectly attributable to control loop stability. The most common offenders: Linear...

This video focuses on single-port measurements, describing how they can be applied to low power circuits such as linear regulators,...

Clock-jitter performance has become a top priority among clock, analog-to-digital controller (ADC), and power-supply manufacturers. Why?...

Evaluating the stability of a Point-Of-Load (“POL”) regulator can be performed using both traditional Bode plot and output impedance...

We can equate the stability to an equivalent phase margin by assuming the magnitude of the gain vector to be 1 and solving for the Q. In...

High Fidelity POL Testing with the J2112A The J2112A: Faster, Non-Invasive, and High Fidelity POL Step Load Testing Testing the step load...

How do you use the Picotest injectors and the Agilent analyzer to measure output impedance and/or non-invasive step loading? For the...

The network analyzer, sometimes referred to as a Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA) is a common piece of equipment in most of our labs...

It may come as a surprise to some that a control loop’s Bode plot does not always depict the loop stability and that the output impedance...